Professional terminology of leather goods

2020-02-17 13:56

Professional terminology of leather goods
01. Kangaroo skin
Produced in Australia, the base leather fiber is compact, the cortex is flexible and strong, and it can be used to make various light leathers.
02, light dry skin
Spread the fresh hides on the ground or dry them in the shade. Synonym: sweet dry plate.
03. Frozen fresh skin
Fresh skins that have been frozen and preserved at low temperature. Synonyms: frozen plate skin.​​
04. Seal skin
It is generally applicable to leather clothing and leather shoes and fur. In recent years, seals have been hunted blindly, so it is necessary to take more protective measures to reduce the hunting of seals.
05. Deerskin
Including the hides of deer that are raised or wild, similar to deer hides are suede or yellow suede, elk hides (moose hides, brown-horned deer hides) and reindeer hides, which are thicker than goat hides and have tighter fibrous tissues Really meticulous.
06. Donkey and mule skins
The skins stripped from donkeys and mules are similar in characteristics to horse skins.
07. Horse hide
Including all kinds of horse skins, the front of the horse skin has a loose fiber structure, and there are two strands of sub-skins on the rear of the horse skin. The fiber structure is very tight and has high wear resistance.
08. Yak leather
The fur is thicker with long piles and contains less fat. The fibrous tissue is looser than that of yellow cowhide, but tighter than that of buffalo cowhide.
09, lamb skin; lamb skin
Lambskin, lambskin with wool can be used for winter clothing after tanning; lambskin without hair can be used as shoe lining after tanning; skin of young sheep.
10. Sheepskin
It is characterized by dense fur, high fat content in the skin, loose fibrous tissue, and very soft leather, which can be used for making fur and light leather.
11. Cowhide
It is a kind of important raw material for tanning, including many varieties, mainly yellow cowhide (including different coat colors), followed by buffalo cowhide and yak cowhide. Cowhide can be used for pharmaceuticals and is widely used.
12. Cowhide
The yak is a hybrid of the male yellow cattle and the female yak. ​​Its skin is called yak leather, and its fibrous tissue is between the two. It is produced in the northwest and southwest of China.
13. Goat leather
The leather is thinner, the fiber structure is firmer than that of sheepskin, and the leather grain is fine. It can be used to make all kinds of light leather, especially garment leather and glove leather.
14. Injured skin
A general term for damaged or incomplete skins. Synonyms: Remnant.
15. Scars
The traces left on the skin after the various injuries suffered by the animal during its survival.
16. Snake skin and python skin
Including wild and reared, can be tanned and used as ticket clips or shoe uppers. The raw hides can be made into musical instrument skins after special treatment, which can be used for yueqin, hand drums, etc.
17. Buffalo Leather
The skin is characterized by sparse fur, thicker grain, larger width than yellow cowhide, thick and heavy skin, but loose fibrous tissue and poor elasticity.
18. Sheepskin
Including goatskin and sheepskin.
19. Fish skin
There are eel skins (anguilla), shark skins (pescecane), salmon skins (salnone), etc. that have been used for leather making. After scale processing, they can be used to make shoe uppers or leather goods with unique patterns.
20. Pig skin
It is a kind of important raw material leather for tanning, which is characterized by large pores, rough surface, uneven tissue structure and large differences in parts. Pig leather has a tough texture and can be used to make various types of leather.

21. Half leather
Two half sheets of leather man, including the neck and shoulders, formed by dividing along the middle of the leather sheet.
22. Half sheet of leather; abdomen
Half of the whole leather, cut along the back; including the belly of the leather or leather and the upper part of the front and rear legs, including the belly.
23. Bag leather
Leather for bags, handbags, soft bags, briefcases (borsa porta-documenti).
24. Aniline leather
Leather that has been dyed with aniline dyes and then finished without adding pigments.
25. Woven leather
The leather strips are woven into sheets of different patterns, which are used for shoe uppers and leather goods.
26. Leather for wiping
An oil-tanned leather used for wiping various glass, glass instruments and optical instrument lenses.
27. Lining leather
Leather used for the lining of leather shoes and other leather goods. Synonyms: folder leather.
28. Leather
Finished leather. Can be sold as a finished product.
29. Textured leather
Use a hand rubbing board or a machine to rub leather with different patterns on the leather grain surface. Synonyms: rubbed leather.
30. Polished leather
The leather is polished to give a highly shiny and smooth grain.
31. Polished goat leather; goat leather
Chrome-tanned goat leather for shoe uppers, with a smooth grain and high-gloss appearance Leather made from suede, often used in high-end women's shoes.
32, with wool
It is a leather that is intentionally tanned to retain the hair, with trimmed short hairs on the surface.
33. Bloody leather
Leather with a distinct vein pattern on the grain or both grain and flesh.
34. Multi-color leather
Finished processing to give the leather surface a multi-colored leather effect.
35. Russian leather
36. Waterproof leather
The leather that plugs pores and voids in the leather with a large amount of oil and other materials or fatliquoring materials that swell with water. This kind of leather is impermeable to water, but not necessarily hydrophobic.
37. Anti-Old Leather; Antique Leather
A leather with a worn-out effect made by a special finishing method. Generally, the texture pattern of the leather surface is decorated into a very irregular shape, and the depressions or recesses of the leather surface are made of contrasting colors to create a two-tone effect. The texture of the leather is simulated by embossing, rubbing and other methods. Antique effect.
38. Garment leather
A general term for leather used to make coats, jackets, leather pants, leather skirts and other clothing.
39. Photosensitive leather
Leather whose color is affected by changes in light.
40. Zirconium tanned leather
The leather tanned with zirconium salt as the main tanning agent component is white.

41. Chrome wet leather
Blue-green wet leather after chrome tanning. Synonym: Wet blue leather.
42. Industrial leather
A general term for leather used in weaving machinery and other machinery. Synonyms: Machine leather.
43. Silicone tanned leather
Leather tanned with silicon compounds is white and generally not shelf-stable.
44. Gray skin
In the liming process and the liming completed skin, the skin has swelled and the hair has been removed.
45. Furniture leather
This leather is used to make seat cushions and backrest covers for furniture (such as chairs and sofas). It is usually made of large-sized leather, such as cattle, buffalo, etc. The high-end leather is made of grained top layer leather, and the medium and low-grade leather can be made of modified leather, suede or split leather.
46. ​​Gradient leather
The leather grain surface has a special darker base coat and a lighter top layer. After brushing, the top layer is brushed off, and the grain surface changes in shades of color.
47. Orthopedic leather
Manufacture of leather for orthopedic purposes such as prosthetics. Synonym: prosthetic leather.
48. Combined tanned leather
Leather tanned with two or more tanning agents, such as semi-cromo and semi-alluminio.
49. Gold leather
The leather is covered with gold foil or finished with a lacquer emulsion paint containing gold to give the leather a golden sheen.
50. Metallic leather
The leather surface is covered with metal foil or mixed with metal powder in the finishing agent to make the leather surface metallic luster.
51. Neck leather
The leather made of animal neck leather is often used in less important parts of the upper, such as the main heel of the back, the inner side of the back, the tongue, etc.
52. Neck shoulder (leather); half shoulder
The leather between the back and neck, the leather in this part is mainly used for the back upper, heel foreskin, reinforced leather, tongue, etc.; that is, half of the full shoulder.
53. Washable leather
Leather that can be washed under normal washing conditions should meet certain requirements for color fastness, flexibility, volume and area stability.
54. Wide belly leather
A half piece of leather that is wider and less valuable than ordinary leather.
55. Aluminum tanned leather
The leather tanned with aluminum salt as the main tanning agent component is white.
56. Horse leather
The leather made of vegetable tanning or chrome tanning was originally mainly used to make military horse gear, and now it is also used to make various travel bags.
57. Dual-purpose fur leather
It is a leather shoe with fur surface finishing, meat surface finishing or fleece, one side is fur and the other side is leather, which can be used on both sides.
58. Pores
Small holes in the animal's cortex, each of which has hairs that allow sweat to escape.
59. Fur, fur
Leather with fur is generally used for winter boots, shoe linings or shoe openings.
60. Art leather
Because the grain itself is beautiful and unique or leather with aesthetic and artistic appreciation value through special processing and finishing, it is used to make high-end women's bags, exquisite handbags, etc. Synonym: fine leather.

61. Face leather
Refers to the upper leather. Synonym: upper leather.
62. Moroccan leather
A refined goat leather that is vegetable-tanned and has a special pebbled finish on the surface.
63. Insole leather
The leather used as the insole of leather shoes is mostly used for the secondary part of the leather, and it can also be made of sub-grained pigskin or cattle. Synonyms: Bottom leather.
64. Blank leather
Work-in-progress of leather that has been fatliquored, dried, undyed or dyed but not finished after tanning.

65. Split leather (leather); split
The skin that is split before tanning is called split skin, the one with grain surface is called the top layer skin, the following is the second layer skin, the third layer skin, and the meat surface layer is the meat surface split skin. The leather that is split after tanning is called split leather, the one with grain surface is called top layer leather, the following are two-layer leather, three-layer leather, and the one with meat surface is called meat surface split leather; according to the needs of use and thickness The process of splitting the leather or leather of different stages into two or several layers, or removing the excessively thick part of the leather in order to make the thickness of the finished leather consistent. Synonyms: flakes.
66. Lacquer Leather
It is a kind of leather with a shiny surface like a mirror, which is based on linseed oil, nitrocellulose, polyurethane or other synthetic resins, and is coated with one or more layers of paint; it can also be made by the transfer film method. Its derivatives are wrinkled lacquer leather, printed lacquer leather and so on.
67. Patent leather
Leather made by lacquering in a special way in a dust-free workshop.
68. Lightly rubbed leather
The grain layer of the leather is only partially removed, but the part of the grain that has not been removed should remain on the entire leather surface, and the leather with natural pores and texture can still be seen on the grain surface. Synonyms: light shaved leather, half-grain leather.
69. Full Grain Leather
The grain pattern remains intact, and the natural pores and texture are clearly visible in the leather. Synonym: front leather.
70. Aldehyde tanned leather
Leather tanned with tanning aldehyde compounds. Leather tanned with formaldehyde solution is called formaldehyde tanned leather; leather tanned with glutaraldehyde solution is called valeraldehyde leather, and so on.
71. Color difference
The color difference of each part that appears on the leather surface.
72, suede, suede
The grain surface of the whole hide is ground to change its appearance, and the meat surface is coarsely ground, and the grain layer of the velvet is the front side of the finished product; the leather of the meat surface is sanded. Synonyms: Siweige.
73. Suede leather, oil tanned leather
The grain surface of the whole leather is ground to change its appearance, while the meat surface is added with coarse hemp. The leather is mostly yellow, and the texture is soft and foamy. Synonym: oil deerskin.
74. Cow Leather
Dairy cowhide shoes are used for high quality fronts, in Italy the term is limited to half cowhide from 20 to 30 up to 35 square feet.
75. Softening leather
Skins that are at the end of the enzymatic softening process or have softened.
76. Soft rough leather
Soft half-leather for the manufacture of outdoor and sports shoes, tanned with vegetable syntans or semi-chrome tanned, with a small lattice pattern on the grain.
77. Soft toe cap
A preformed soft toe cap placed inside the upper when assembling the shoe on the last.
78. Raw tanned leather
Leather that has been depilated, limed, treated with grease (or treated with mirabilite and grease) and then dried, and sometimes has undergone other preparatory treatments, but has not been tanned, which can be used to make loom belts, transmission gears and Drum skin etc.
79. Glove leather
A general term for leather used to make various gloves.
80. Written leather
Generally, it is the writing material leather of hardcover books made of cowhide, which is used to beautify and protect books and show their preciousness.
81, wrinkled leather
Dry the wrinkled leather in the drum.
82. Two-color effect leather
Finished leather with a two-tone effect on the surface.
83. Two-way suede
A type of suede with a long pile, which can be turned to one side or the other with the slightest touch of the surface of the leather with a finger.

84. Titanium tanned leather
The leather tanned with titanium salt as the main tanning agent or component is white.
85. Reinforced leather with lining
Glue a layer of material consisting of fabric and plastic or only one layer of plastic on the hem of the leather surface layer.
86. Iron tanned leather
Leather tanned with iron salts as the main tanning agent component is generally not shelf-stable.
87. Ostrich Leather
Light and strong leather tanned with South African ostrich skin, rounded drums appear where the feathers are plucked, forming a unique pattern.
88. Outsole leather
The leather used for the outsole of leather shoes is mostly made of yellow cowhide, buffalo cowhide and thicker pigskin.
89. Microporous synthetic leather
A synthetic material used exclusively for shoe uppers that, thanks to its porous structure, is permeable to air and water vapor.
90. Box leather
The leather used for making suitcases; it is mostly made of cattle and sheep leather, and it can also be made of pig leather.
91. Matte leather
Finish the leather with a matte effect with a matting agent.
92. Calfskin upper leather; grain leather
Chrome-tanned upper leather, made from calf, with smooth and fine grained leather with a fine lattice pattern.
93. Leather for soles
Leather for soles, including general sole leather, soft sole leather and insole leather.
94, modified grain; modified surface leather
Parts of the grained surface are ground away to reduce the effects of grain imperfections, and a false grain is created through different finishing methods to mimic full-grain leather. Synonyms: shaving leather.
95. Embossed leather, printed leather
Leather with embossed patterns or other animal grain patterns pressed on the leather surface by machine; leather with beautiful patterns printed by hand or machine on any side of the leather.
96. Embossed nubuck leather
The leather is embossed and then a part of it is ground, and the pattern is raised to make the leather surface appear different colors and patterns, such as stone-ground blue leather.
97, welt leather
Leather used for leather shoe welts.
98, salt dry skin
It is obtained by drying wet salted skins. Synonyms: Salted Banpi, Salted Banpi.
99. Salted skin
Wet skins marinated with plenty of salt have a longer shelf life. Synonyms: salty wet skin.
100. Salted fresh skin
The fresh skin that can be preserved for a short period of time after initial salting is generally not salted, and the skin has a large water content and a small salt content. Synonyms: salty fresh skin.

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101. Pigment-coated leather
Mainly refers to leather finished with a mixture of opaque pigments. Synonym: Pigment leather.
102. Sheep leather
including sheepskin, goat and